Securing Trust between IoT Devices in the Blockchain
By merging blockchain with IoT, it is easier to implement confidentiality and integrity - the vital factors to ensure reliable connections and secure the processing between the devices. This allows the connected devices to respond to fabrication and modification attacks and enhances the trust between the parties in communication. In particular, ledger in block of the blockchain is highly encrypted with complex mathematical encryptions, making it able to respond to external attacks. In addition, rather than a centralized method, the blockchain uses a decentralized method, which makes it difficult for the hackers to determine the target. These features minimize the impact of individual attacks on IoT devices and furthermore, the entire device. Trust based services between the IoT devices are summarized below:
- P2P and the dispersion structure distributes targets, making it difficult for the attackers to determine the target → In the case of a private blockchain, if the distributed computing development is limited, the security issues can be solved by securing the network through the ‘Safe IP’ tool.
- It is possible to maintain transparent through the trust based network, shares transaction details of the participants and store them reliably.
- It guarantees the integrity of the transaction details to respond to counterfeit and falsification attacks - every participant proves the transaction details.
- Authentication and authorization procedures of the principal IoT device are required.
- In a public blockchain, it is possible to increase the efficiency of construction and maintenance according to the distribution. In addition, decentralization improves efficiency by reducing the construction cost and the efficient allocation of resources.
As a result, the network using the blockchain can provide a reliable environment for not only the communicated data, but both the administrator, whom set the network, and the user on the blockchain.
The use of Blockchains for IoT applications
In an environment such as a smart home or smart factory, there are various devices (IoT) equipped with sensors and they are closely interconnected. Considering the conditions of each device, it is possible to form a private blockchain which can be operated in a safe and trusted manner. Private blockchains require not only the authentication of the user but also the authentication between devices, records of operation details, and the scenario-based IoT Contract should be able to operate. In addition, a private blockchain will only be practical if it interacts with an already operating public blockchain. Regarding to this, the user must configure Hdac, a cryptocurrency which will be used in the public blockchain, to create an effective application for it. We want to create a reliable ecosystem, making the public and the private blockchain interconnected, operating ‘Hybrid Payment Service’, where the general user side Hdac and the private purposeful blockchain interconnects. In other words, with the blockchains we will be creating according to the usage, and Micro Payment will be possible as well as P2P payment on the public blockchain. In a controlled private blockchain network, we implement Machine Currency for mutual contracts and payments between IoTs, fulfilling the slogan, ‘Transaction Innovation’, which enables rational consumption and payment.
Hdac is based on blockchains and accommodates all the general features of a typical blockchain. The limits of blockchains were revealed as it expanded over time. Hdac emphasizes the differencing from other platforms based on blockchains and has modified and supplemented several functions to distinguish itself from other platforms in terms of efficiency, security, functionality, and speed.
As data capacity has been an issue with blockchains, we have modified it so that it is flexible to use the blocks in an existing blockchain and the limited capacity of extra data. This enables various applications using blockchains.
Bitcoin generates one block in every 10 minutes and Ethereum generates in every 12 seconds. Considering the time uploading on the network, it takes one to two minutes or more to check the outcome of the transaction. Considering this, Bitcoin is about 7 tps and Ethereum is about 25 tps. In particular, currently the size of Bitcoin is limited to a maximum of 1 MB and alternative methods are suggested to expand block size, such as through SegWit2x.
Security enhancement of Quantum Random Number
Blockchain-based platforms are already verified to have high level security. The private key, public key, and wallet address used in the blockchain are generated by pseudo random number. In recent cases, pseudo random number exposed its’ vulnerability of security as the pattern was studied and was able to generate the means.
There has been various attempts to compensate for the weaknesses and a new method of using ‘quantum random number’ emerged as its’ pattern, theoretically, cannot be analyzed. Hdac proposes a method to replace the random number generator with quantum random number for the private blockchain.
Hdac Technology Roadmap The IoT blockchain network is a permissioned private blockchain that is registered after being authenticated and can operate on a blockchain network. Therefore, it is set on a different position to that of a public blockchain. The components of the IoT blockchain network are as follows.
- Blockchain node: Records all transaction blocks as a full node. Stores setting information related to controlling user-device, device-device, billing, and management performed by the administrator.
- Administrator: A person who registers the users, gateways, and devices on blockchain and grants access between them. The settings are safely stored on the full node blockchain and are transmitted to the following users, gateways, and devices through the network. Each user and device maintains the latest settings related to them. It can also be integrated systematically with the existing IoT operating environment.
- User: A person or device with a program running as a simple node that does not store blocks.
- Gateway: As it is a unit used to control number of dummy devices or sensors, it analyzes details of the IoT contract and can also transmits to dummy devices or sensors. Each device or sensor is connected with an individual address.
- Device: As it is a device that is connected to a gateway or a simple node that does not store blocks, it corresponds to individual addresses and it can also analyze the IoT contract details and operate.
The primary concern of IoT is about the security of IoT devices. Most of these security issues can be solved by adapting the IoT blockchain. However, since DoS, DDoS, and sniffing attacks cannot be solved by using IoT blockchain, therefore, combining with other security technologies are to be considered. For private blockchain, security could be improved by using a separate secure channel that separates the network between nodes and devices or between blockchain nodes and users.
This method can be implemented through hardware or devices as a form of an agent. This method has an advantage as it is not necessary to change an existing blockchain node or device configuration.
As the initial blockchain technology has been recognized for its decentralization, transparency, usability, and reliability, its’ use is expanding across the industries such as cryptocurrency and existence proof, forecast markets, and in finance. Therefore, the transactions and data increased and it is vital to consider the cases where a public blockchain exceeds its capacity.
It is already possible to exchange data between public blockchains through exchanges. If the blockchains are registered at the cryptocurrency exchange, the exchange can be made. The advantage of this approach is that people can easily see the exchange and use the service because the process is done physically, in the same way as of exchanging between, for example, KRW and USD.
Details of Token Sales
ICO Begins: Nvember 27, 2017
ICO Expires: December 22, 2017
Name: HDAC
Symbol: dac
Token Price: 0.1BTC = 1,800 DAC
Total Suplay: 12,000,000,000 (12 billion) DAC
Maximum Sales Target: 6,000BTC
Distribution
Token Distribution
The total issuance volume will be 12 billion Hdac.17% of Hdac will be kept for capital reserve.
27% of Hdac will be distributed to the Hdac presale / TGE participants.
3 The remaining 86% of Hdac can be earned through equitable 'ePoW' mining.
The first block will reward will be 5,000 Hdac.
Anyone can participate in the Hdac mining for the next 170 years.
More Info :
Ann Thread : https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2402330.0Website : https://hdac.io/
Whitepaper : https://github.com/Hdactech/Hdac/wiki/Hdac-Technical-Whitepaper#hdac-eco-system
Twitter : https://twitter.com/Hdactech
Telegram : https://t.me/Hdac_TGE
Reddit : https://www.reddit.com/r/HDAC/
Linkedin : https://www.linkedin.com/company/27015585/
Author : mriansa
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?action=profile;u=886049
